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"It is
less important to have unanimity
than it is making the right decision and
doing the right thing, even though at the
outset it may seem lonesome"
By US Defence Secretary Donald Rumsfeld on 29th August 2002. From
the Middle East Economic Digest (MEED), 30th August 2002. Page 2
FROM VIEWER'S VIEWS - Management & Productivity
I
am looking forward to your earliest reply to the same email
address, as a we are working on a research project on
effective management tools for government sectors in
developing countries -
Dr.Malvyn Copen
Here I provide the
exhaustive details on how every aspect of Socio-Economic
Development, Management Input / Output factors
could be quantified, in order to assist your research
project -
DR.VSRS
You talk
of productivity by Socioeconomic goals. What it
has to do with me ?
Angello Bocelli
Unless
every industry think and do something about this, the
nation cannot survive, continue and progress -
DR.VSRS
FROM VIEWER'S VIEWS -
Socio-Economic Development Acceleration
How it will help a
person like me by your writing a mathematical
paper like this in the internet ??? -
Kanthimathi
This is what I
say in the Internet as local resources and
local man-power has to be used to support the local social
and economic development. Government alone cannot do
it - DR.VSRS
I analysed
this(Housing) loan scheme and found out that it is not
actually giving either the uplifting or the comfortable
living -
Peter Kemoli
It has
induced an indirect advantage of domestic saving
potential for the medium class person, by drastically
reducing the monthly deductions and increasing
the monthly disposable income -
DR.VSRS
After a careful
analysis of your research findings, I have come to a
firm conclusion that these concepts are important
for the progress of government sub divisions like the States,
Districts and Villages - Arun.S.
Patel
I am happy to find that an ingenious person like you
in a responsible government assignment could find an
application of my concepts to the Micro State, District
and Village level. You have really broadened their scope
and their utility -
DR.VSRS
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AFRICA
(GLOBAL) Support for
Economics & Management Concepts of DR.VSRS
(SEE CONCEPTS)
AL TIJARAH, Journal of the Sharjah Chamber of
commerce & Industry, Sharjah, UAE. September 2002. Page 18 to 24.
African markets are still
among the promising ones in the globe, and many countries, mainly
industrial countries, strive hard to have an influential and
effective presence there, amid several facilities and attractions,
as the North knows what it wants from the South. Africa
abounds with a huge wealth of oil, minerals, primary materials,
animal and agricultural resources, besides vast surfaces of arable land
that can present a food basket for the whole world. However
this wealth is possessed by countries exhausted with poverty,
disease and wars triggered by imperialist powers, followed by battles that
demolish everything and open the way to the foreign
influence. African countries began during the past decade moving
towards some stability, in a bid to join the race of
civilization for the well being of their people. However, these
attempts tumbled under the impact of financial deficit
suffered by these countries. The huge wealth they have need huge
funds in order to be utilized, which compels these countries to
sell their raw materials at low prices, and then import
them manufactured at high prices.... Recent years witnessed
serous efforts to develop the volume of trade exchange and open
investment channels in African markets, which enhances the
Arab presence at the markets.... Al
Tijarah, out of its conviction of the
high significance of this issue, conducted a series of
interviews to present its readers with the comprehensive
reportage.... Mr. Al Musharrikh said "From my personal experience, as a
member of the delegation that visited these countries, I can
say that these countries enjoy tremendous potentials, but they need
funds to be employed at different investment fields. Arab
investor did not overlook this fact, but most of them are
hesitant to invest in Africa because of social backwardness,
political instability and administrative and personal corruption
from the point of view of these investors...". Mr. Al Musharrikh
mentioned, "When I was in Ethiopia, I met a Pakistani
investor holding
American passport. He left the U.S.A and settled in Ethiopia
where he obtained a large piece of land and
established a flower farm on it, as climate conditions are
favourable. Now, he exports flowers to many European
countries, achieving good profit.".... The Adviser on
Economic Relations and International Cooperation called for creating a
mechanism for cooperation, coordination and
integration between Arab countries and their transaction with
African markets, even between concerned parties within U.A.E.
coordinated, he said, is the basis for success, and Arab
countries should, instead of competing each other, distribute the
roles between them..... (African Markets and the means of
utilizing them - Cover Story)
Concept Support : Any amount
of natural wealth and ability to invest, are more influenced by the
intangible aspects like psychological, social, political and international
influences, than the tangible quantum and profit volume potentials. Hence,
the management decision should give more weight-age to the intangible
aspects.
Any foreign investment to start
with, should plan and direct their approach towards the implementation of
latest technology moderated to suit the local conditions, manned by the
domestic (African) manpower. Then only the domestic conditions of social
backwardness, political instability and administrative / personal
corruption will change and develop confidence and productive operating
conditions to the foreign investors (Endogenous aspect or Cooperation /
distributed roles).
Over a period of time, incentive
should be provided to bring in the domestic investment from domestic
savings, with local participation, so that the root of social
backwardness, political instability and administrative / personal
corruption is fully eradicated (Exogenous aspect or Coordination /
integration).
Quantum turnover and volume of
profit in the foreground alone should not be a directive criteria for the
productive development of the investor as well as the domestic setup, but
Socio-economic development in the background should also be considered
with equal importance, for a long range progress for both the investor and
the beneficiery.
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ARGENTINA
Support for Economics & Management Concepts of
DR.VSRS (SEE CONCEPTS)
GULF NEWS (UAE), Business,
August 19, 2001 ( Sunday ), Page 21
Argentina is under growing pressure
from investors to obtain new aid to help
the country avert default, as official enter a ninth day of talks
with the International Monetary Fund. Argentina's bonds staged their
biggest drop in three weeks yesterday on
concern that any announcement of new from IMF may still be days or
even weeks away. Investors sent the benchmark stock index
plunging 6 per cent. Daniel Marx, who's heading
Argentina's efforts in Washington to obtain as much as $ 9 billion
to shore up reserves, had few encouraging words.... Marx said Argentine
officials are expanding their talks to include discussions with the
U.S. and other rich nations, and with the World Bank. Those
conversations are focusing on "strengthening the current programme",
he said, suggesting the country has hit a roadblock in its bid for fresh
assistance.... Michael Gavin, head of Latin American research at UBS,
Warburg LLC said "But I don't see an implosion unless
negotiations go off track" {Washington (Bloomberg)
"Argentina reels under pressure"}
Concept Support : The general approach built among the
developing nations, is that, as long as the rich nations and the
international funding agencies are there, they can continue to exist and
survive, irrespective of their activities related to the internal economic
affairs. A country gets into economic pressure only because of the non-synchronisation
of the Endogenous circle (human potential utilisation) and the Exogenous
circle (domestic saving generation). Unless every developing /
under-developed nations look into these internal aspects, and stop a blind
dependence on external aspects for help, the economic pressures and
show-downs will continue to crop up.
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AUSTRALIA
Support for Economics & Management
Concepts of DR.VSRS
(SEE CONCEPTS)
FRIDAY (UAE), Weekly Friday Magazine of Gulf Today, August 10-16,
2001, Page 41
People don't know what
to make the Sydney Opera House, when it opened in 1973. Some
thought the sharply angled roofline was a nautical allusion to sails or
waves. Others said the thing looked like a
spiky lizard crawling out of the muck to sun itself. As we walked
the curved promenade to the building, I thought the peaks resembled the
pointy helmets of Spanish conquistadors. The architect would
probably disagree with all of us. Joern Utzon saw the design
as an exercise in deconstruction : a sphere peeled into segments
like an orange to form a living sculpture..... Utzon was an obscure Danish
architect when he won an international competition for the
commission in 1957. It was a radical choice that grew more
controversial as he spent his six years figuring out how to engineer
his fantastic imaginings. In the mean time, the price rose
fourteenfold and the state of New South Wales had to sell millions
of dollars in lottery tickets to pay for it. Irritated by
money troubles and political meddling, Utzon resigned from the job
in 1966, and the cavernous interior had to be completed by a consortium of
Australian architects. Now in his 80s, he has never
returned to see his masterpiece. Utzon's estrangement isn't the only
melancholy note in the Opera House aria. (Get to see Sydney.
By Jim Auchmutey)
Concept Support : Even
individuals as well as developed national decision makers should be
cautious in their plans and actions with reference to the nation, and its
Socio-economic objectives. Unthinkable and marvellous infrastructures are
needed, but at a lower priority to the essential and prime national
needs. Productivity and the quantum aspects of any in-flow of
resources should be pre-evaluated with reference to the Socio-economic
scales and standards at first. Lack of this precaution will result only in
a degree of dis-satisfaction and a questionable aspect of achievement,
however marvellous, intelligent and imaginative they may
be.
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BAHAMAS
Support for Economics & Management Concepts of
DR.VSRS (SEE CONCEPTS)
FT EXPAT (FINANCIAL TIMES), UK. October 2001.
Page 43.
The archipelago of Bahamas is described as
a developing nation, albeit stable, with an
economy heavily dependent on tourism and off-shore financial
services, especially banking and fund administration. Tourism
alone accounts for more than 60 per cent of GDP and directly employs more
than 40 per cent of the labour force. There are also large
number of North Americans and Europeans retirees living there. Largely due
to the strength of the tourist industry, Bahamas continues
to enjoy both macroeconomic stability and economic growth. Persistently
low levels of inflation dispelled fears of economic overheating in 2000,
and this has remained at less than 2 per cent for five years running. Over
all growth prospects in the short run will depend heavily on the
fortunes of tourism sector and continued income growth in US,
which provides most tourists.... And the future ? "In the context of
global economy, the Bahamas depends, of course, in the economic
situation in the Americas, particularly the US, and from
continued growth in Europe," says Christian Kalin, Director of
Zurich-based consultancy firm Henley & Partners. Mr. Kalin adds that the
business environment has become very friendly in the last few years. "But
naturally" he warns, "a recession in parts of the world will have a
considerable impact on the
economic development of the Bahamas". {PROPERTY,
Caribbean Dream, The Bahamian Economy}.
Concept Support : This is a typical example of a developing
economy, which directly depends on the ups and downs of the economic
fluctuations of developed nations, If these developing countries have to
look in-wards, and create an atmosphere of there own economy and its
continued development, the tools are the control/synchronisation of the
Exogenous (Domestic capital for Domestic investment) and the Endogenous
(Domestic labour for moderated Domestic Technology) circular effects . The
existing administrative set-up should look into these aspects immediately
or otherwise, the domestic economy will continue to fluctuate with
reference to that of the developed ones, without any domestic identity and
progress.
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BANGLA DESH
Support for Economics & Management Concepts
of DR.VSRS
(SEE CONCEPTS)
THE INDIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
(ISSN 0019-5561), April - June 2001. Pages 153 to 169.
New Public management (NPM) has become a
catchword in most countries in the world. It conjures up an
image enmeshed with minimal government, debureaucratisation,
decentralisation, market orientation of public services, contracting out,
privatisation, performance management etc.... Like many other
countries, Bangladesh has decided belatedly to embark on implementing NPM
programme. (Conclusion).. The current state of public administrative
system, the socio-economic realities and the specific nature of Bangladesh
state pose binding constraints to the successful implementation
of NPM programme. Since 1972, governments of Bangladesh have been
trying to reform the administrative system. Accordingly,
numerous commissions and committees have been were
constituted and they came up with different sets of recommendations. The
stark reality is that very few recommendations were implemented in
the past. In the last 10 years, vocabulary of NPM came under the
purview of the international donor agencies and national planners.... On
account of current socio-political, economic and administrative realities
in Bangladesh, the recommendations along the thinking of NPM are
difficult to implement. It is important for Bangladesh to rethink
about the contents of reform. First,
modernisation of public administration requires parallel advances
in market sector. Secondly, the contents
of the reform should focus more on establishing reliable
external controls. They are building blocks for a formal,
rule-based and honest public sector . Thirdly,
the focus should be on basic process of public management.
Officials must be able to control inputs before they are called
upon to control outputs.
{ " New Public management in
Bangladesh : Chasing a Mirage ?" by Abu Elias Sarker, Assistant Professor,
Department of Public Administration, College of Business Management,
University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE }
Concept Support : This is an analysis and finding of
the fact that Socio-Economic Development cannot be accelerated by mere
administrative reforms and public management re-orientation, in line with
modern jargons. As outlined in the end of summary : Firstly,
parallel advances in market sector could be achieved by re-orienting /
evaluating the Productivity and Management Decision aspects with reference
to Socio-Economic goals, than Physical outputs. Secondly,
establishing reliable external controls could be achieved by considering
intangible (non-measurable like psycho / socio / international / universal
in nature) elements in Management Decision process, as more important
contents, than the tangible (measurable / quantum) aspects.
Thirdly, control of inputs before being called upon to
control outputs, is to orient towards Domestic investments through
Domestic resources (Exogenous input control), and moderated and practical
Domestic Technology manned, by Domestic Manpower (Endogenous input
control).
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CHINA
Support for Economics &
Management Concepts of
DR.VSRS
(SEE CONCEPTS)
VIA INMARSAT (UK). October - December 2002.
Page 40 - 43.
Visions of China.
China is a country of extremes and nothing illustrates this more
than its communications infrastructure. There is a huge difference
between the commercially developed eastern China and Hong Kong, and
rural and mountainous areas elsewhere.... Many sectors are
still under state control in China, including the media, disaster
relief provisions, the safety community and emergency services. However
the regulatory system for owning and using satcom services in China
is almost archaic (out dated) in its complexity. Change in
China clearly runs at varying speeds. However, some observers
believe the admission of China to the World Trade
Organisation may result in reduced bureaucracy for many services,
including satcom.... Chinese national airlines for over a decade,
working with Thales Avionics to provide seven-channel satcom
systems.... Chinese authorities have ambitious plans to develop a
national telemedicine network to deliver better healthcare.
However, large parts of the country do not have medical
services. The cost of travel is prohibitive for people in
remote areas, so that they can be disenfranchised from adequate healthcare
resources...
The changing Face of China
According to US Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), in 2000
there were only 135 million terrestrial telephone lines and 65
million cellular phone lines in the country. The CIA's general
assessment on the state of Chinese telephony states : "Domestic and
international services are increasingly available for public
use; an unevenly distributed domestic system serves
principal cities, industrial centers and many towns." China has also
developed domestic satellite network with 55 earth
stations recorded in 2001, along with Inmarsat gateway operator,
Beijing MCN, serving the Pacific and Indian ocean regions.
There we 22 million Internet users in 2001, served by three
Internet Service Providers. Uneven as it may be, the development of
Chinese communications infrastructure is moving quickly and
smoothly in a straight direction. A recent report by China research
corporation shows that 100 per cent annual growth have
occurred in cellular phone adoption over the past five years.
China's telecom industry also reshaping into a more integrated
structure, merging with PTT interests into larger organisations
capable of sustaining the development effort, supported by large
budgets made available by central government, It appears the
Chinese are skipping a generation of technology, going into broad
band communications as away of future-proofing new services.
Concept Support : Historically, the first documented era of
China starts with the Shang Dynasty in 1766 to 1922 B.C. The Peoples
Republic of China was established by Mao Tse-Tung (Mao Zedong) on October
1, 1949 AD, with reforms on Land, Social, Thought and the Economic plan.
Subsequent to the cultural revolution in April 1966 AD, China with the top
population in the world, remained as a Communist country, specifically
closing its channels of communications to the world. But China as a
thickly populated country had a tough responsibility to provide the basic
needs and employment to the domestic population, as wells as to upgrade
its techno-commercial infrastructure (Endogenous responsibility). Also as
a country behind the great wall, has a commitment to improve and escalate
the domestic investments from the internal sources (Exogenous
responsibility).
But the
unilateral state controlled corporate sectors inducted an inadequacy to
its Endogenous responsibility and closure of the doors to the
techno-commercial development taking place outside the great wall, blocked
the opportunity to the path of its Exogenous responsibility. This is
advantageously understood and accepted after the wall-breaking merger of
the communist East Germany with the capitalist West Germany on October
1990, and the disintegration of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republic on
31st December 1991 (USSR - A communist union of Eastern European and
Northern Asian countries, established in 1922).
China
has opened its doors to adopt and moderated latest technology to
suit the local conditions, from the outer non-communist world (by skipping
a generation of technology), in the communication as well as
manufacturing, service and all other sectors, with domestic manpower
utility. China also opened its channel to private domestic investments.
Now, anywhere in the world, the toughest and fearful under-cutting
competitor to any common man's product, simple electrical / electronic
items, is China. Even the sales quantum of similar items, from top class
manufacturers in Europe or USA are drastically reduced due to the presence
of "Made in China" products. These are in line with the Exogenous and
Endogenous concepts of my research work.
However, the quality and performance aspects of the cheaply available
Chinese products are debatable. It is because of the fact that change in
China is at varying speeds, due to lack of optimum and timely Management
Decision methodology. China considers quantum output and flooding the
international markets with cheap products as a tool for progress, than a
dynamic Socio-Economic Development oriented long term Productivity
approach. This is in line with my research concepts in the area of
Management Decision and redefined Productivity approach.
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ESTONIA
Support for Economics & Management Concepts of
DR.VSRS
(SEE CONCEPTS)
LSM (Lloyds Ship Management), ISSN
0265:2455, July - August 2001,
Page 35-36.
The shortfall of officers
predicted by last year's updated Bimco/ISF manpower survey could under
estimate the problem, Petter Larsen, managing director of Barber Ship
Management, told delegates at the LSM European Manning and Training
Conference in Tallinn, Estonia, in June. The survey predicted an officer
shortfall of about 12%, equivalent to 46,000 officers by 2010. But
in key note speech, Mr.Larsen said that some of the assumptions made in
arriving at this figure may be too optimistic. His estimate was
that the shortfall could be as high as 75,000 officers or 20%. This
is because of likely continuing problems in recruitment, early
retirement of existing officers, general problems of retention and
increasing demands for shorter trips. "At the same time
world trade will continue to grow. If this is correct, then
we could face the real prospect of ships being unable to sail
because of shortage of officers," warned Mr.larsen..... "There is
no shortage of education and training capacity to meet the
shortfall. The problem is one of recruitment and retention and
financing the training. Even if we start now, the
time taken to train officers will mean it will take some time
to bridge the gap," he said. Mr.Larsen called for
governments to fund basic education and training for seafarers,
but recognised that some countries are reluctant to do so because
most of the the trained seafarers then go on to serve with
foreign flags.... "Leading managers are experiencing
localised shortage of officers rather than a general
shortage. I believe the shortage is perceived rather than real,"
said Mr.Speedie (Conference Chairman Mr.Bob Speedie).... During the
ensuing debate, Mr.Speedie commented that it is a legal
requirement to have competent seafarers, "but it is up to owners
and managers to invest in seafarers to improve quality
to a higher level through training and motivation".... In his
opening address to the conference, Andrus Maide, director-general of the
Estonian Maritime Administration, said that although Estonia is a small
country, it is keen to play an active role in improving
standards. { Tallinn Report }
Concept Support : This is an Endogenous strengthening approach to
upgrade the domestic manpower to operate and monitor the domestic shipping
technology. Even small and newly formed nations making an approach in this
direction is an example for the necessity and enforcement of the derived
concepts. Legally there is a need to have competent manpower, and it is
the management decision to design the direction and approach for the
training and motivational methodologies. If the management decision is
tuned towards a Productivity approach with Socio-Economic goal development
as primary for the nation, then the fruits of the domestic manpower tuning
will become optimal and beneficial to the national development.
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FINLAND
Support for Economics & Management Concepts of
DR.VSRS (SEE CONCEPTS)
LSM (LLOYD'S SHIP MANAGER, UK), ISSN 0265-2455,
April 2001, Page 33-34. This article appeared in Lloyd's Ship Manager.
After fears that competitiveness of the
Finnish merchant fleet will be completely dissipated,
the Finnish government has finally agreed to grant
subsidies to Finland's fleet of cargoships sailing under the Finnish
flag. "The net wage subsidy scheme has now passed through
parliament, but we are awaiting acceptance from the European
Commission" Per Forsskahl, managing director of Finnish Shipowners'
Association (FSA), told LSM... The subsidy paid under the net wage scheme
to ship owners for Finnish seafarers sailing on board. It provides
tax relief for the shipowners for the wages paid to seafarers.
Also, Finnish shipowners have been promised that a tonnage tax
scheme will be introduced shortly. At the end of last year, the Finnish
government changed the laws in regard to Finnish cargo vessel registered
under Finland's parallel register and sailing to
foreign ports - this allowed the subsidy to be paid to those ship owners.
The long-term uncertainty about future direction of Finnish
shipping policy has therefore ended, allowing ship owners to plan
operations under more stable conditions.... In practice,
this means the cost of seafarers on board Finnish and
Aland's cargo vessels will be considerably reduced. The subsidy
amounts to 40% of the total cost of each seafarer. If the new tonnage tax
legislation comes into force, together with the net wage scheme, this will
allow Finnish vessels and those registered in Aland to operate at an
acceptable level to meet international competition...
The FSA and Aland's Shipowners' Association have made agreements
with the Officer's association, which make it possible to employ
foreign officers on Finnish vessels. The Finnish Officer's union
has made agreement to negotiate with the shipowners employers'
organisation on the employment of mixed crews on a case-by-case
basis on certain vessels...."It is important to have an agreement
with the union about foreign seafarers, otherwise there could be
trouble at Finnish ports if the agreement is not in place" said Mr
Forsskahl. (Finland, Gaining the upper hand)
Concept Support : The domestic labour force should be
employed to man the domestic business. Foreign manpower could be used on
case-by-case basis, with proper agreements with the domestic manpower.
When the international competition arises, the Government should prepare
and pass laws to protect the domestic business against these intangible /
universal occurrences. Decisions of the Management as well as the
Government should be to provide more weightage to intangible components
than the quantitative tangible components.
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FRANCE
Support for
Economics & Management Concepts of
DR.VSRS (SEE CONCEPTS)
GULF NEWS (UAE), Business, August 1, 2001 (
Wednesday ), Page 32
Europe's biggest tyre manufacturer Michelin & CIE
SCA yesterday lowered its forecast for profitability this year, amid a
US economic slow down, a slumping truck market and high raw material
prices.... "There are issues in Brazil and winter tyres aren't selling for
them as well as they'd liked, but the vast majority of their problem are
due to truck tyres."....The Clermont Ferrand, central France-based company
is trying in favour of more expensive tyres, by shifting its product mix
in favour of more expensive tyres, but that has failed to
offset high raw material prices and slow down in North
America. [Paris (Reuters)]
Concept Support : Local
infrastructure serving for a foreign market. Improper evaluation of
the Intangible and Tangible aspects of the potential market location, on a
long-rage basis.
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GERMANY
Support for Economics &
Management Concepts of DR.VSRS
(SEE CONCEPTS)
Lloyd's Ship Manager, London, UK. March
2003. Page 30 - 31. "The only way is up for ER Schiffahrt" Report by Tom
Todd in the "Interview".
In five years, German company ER Schiffahrt
has become the third largest ship owner in the country (Germany),
and it has plans to go even higher. "Financing, flexibility
and outsourcing in a single package" is that makes German owner ER
Schiffahrt tick, according to managing partner Erck Rickmers. He
created the company and has seen it grow into one of Germany's
most successful ship chartering concerns - all in just five
years... ER Schiffahrt was founded and is backed by the powerful
capital base of German finance house Nordcapital, which
Mr.Rickmers also heads. He has always been quick to point out that
the shipping company's close co-operation and affiliation with its parent
company has been the link that has made everything work. It
has meant strong equity-based ship financing and more investment
capital than has been possible with many other firms. Mr.Rickmers says the
link has remained strong. "One important factor in our success", he claims
"has been dovetailing ER Schiffahrt into Nordcapital Group, which
has been active for more than 10 years in ship financing and in the
development of shipping concept. Because of Nordcapital, we have a
lot of capital power behind us". He also acknowledges, however "it
is the people that work for a company who are the key to its
success. Our business policy, based on solid growth,
makes us an attractive proposition for people who want to
make an impact in shipping"... The times are again politically
and economically uncertain and prompting caution, and yet ER
Schiffahrt has launched another big investment programme... Looking
ahead, Mr.Rickmers says : "What will happen in shipping this year will
certainly depend to a great extent on political developments
in the coming months. Apart from that, however, the structural
forces for growth in container shipping remain intact...."...
And asked if he expects the firm's next five years to be successful
as the last five, he replies simply : "We are working on it".
Concept Support : A private corporate sector has
shown land-sliding progress and growth in just 5 years because :
-
The
Domestic capital is used with productive leverage towards Domestic
investments.
(An Exogenous synchronisation).
-
The
Domestic human potential is attracted and optimised to man the domestic
technology.
(An Endogenous synchronisation).
-
The
Management Decision base for the evaluation of the corporate progress
and productivity was development and growth.
-
Priority
of intangible factors like political and economic uncertainty are well
evaluated by the management decision makers with reference to its
structural impact on the future business.
Individual Corporate growth = National Socio-Economic
Development.
This
supports all the in-built Mathematical concepts in my Research Publication
in a micro Corporate sector level.
GULF NEWS (UAE), Business, August
19, 2001 (Sunday), Page 21.
Four major German investment funds have
suspended business with Deutsche Bank after the bank made a
massive placement of Deutsche Telekom stock on behalf of Hutchison
Whampoa, a German magazine reported yesterday. In a preview of an article
to appear tomorrow, magazine Der Spiegel said
some Deutsche Bank's clients were unhappy after it sold tens of
millions of Telekom shares on behalf of the Hong Kong based Hutchison
Whampoa, triggering a sharp fall in Telekom's share prices.....
Financial market sources on Friday confirmed to Reuters that Deutsche bank
sold 44 million shares in Deutsche Telekom
last week on behalf of Hutchison.... Meanwhile, Deutsche Telekom chief Ron
Sommer said yesterday he was deeply concerned about the company's
recent share slump, calling stock massively undervalued...
"The people have lost half or even more than
half of the capital they invested through the share price has affected me
very deeply" he said. {Frankfurt (Agencies).
D.Telekom shares massively undervalued}
Concept Support :
Corporate management decisions relating to psycho-socio intensive areas
should be thought of and taken cautiously. This is proved algebraically.
Also, any massive in and out financial transaction should be evaluated as
a Productivity, with reference to the Socio-economic goals as a
guideline. Material quantum oriented Productivity evaluation and
associated management decisions will be questionable and generate serious
criticism.
IBI (International Boat Industry). March
2001. Issue No 306. German Business Report Pages 22,26,29.
A decade ago West Germany stood proud in
Europe and consumer confidence rode high. At that time, the federal
republic was generally viewed as the veritable powerhouse of
Europe, one which could do no wrong. For many Germans those days have
gone. Many of the problems in the country today are
blamed on the difficulties the German people have had with coming
to terms with unification of the form East and West Germanies. The
problems stem not just from real-time economics or even
political mood, but also from how Germans now perceive
themselves and their country. What happened during the 1900s shattered
that self-confidence.... Beyond that there was tough budgeting with
respect to the single European currency qualification, which in
turn now sees the once-mighty Deutsmark replaced by a weak Euro....
What hit German confidence in particular was the knowledge that its
national economic strength was unassailable....
BOATING ENVIRONMENT : With the
collapse of the Berlin Wall in 1989, Germany's coastline doubled.
It now totals around 2,500 km (1,550 miles) when you add up all
North Sea and Baltic coasts, the linking kiel Canal and the various
islands to the north.... Marina development underway in the region.
Of the 4,000 or so births proposed or in development throughout the
country , most are on the eastern end of the Baltic coast.... Economic
factors aside, Germany has market restrictions including a
long-established boat license requirement and the 'green' movement which
continues to win boating bans and speed restrictions on many
waterways. However, a recent change in legislation has at least
boosted the inland charter market, as now licenses are no longer
required for inland boating.
INDUSTRY STATISTICS : In all
about 8,000 people are employed directly in Germany's marine
industry. One is Hamburg-based DBSV (Deutscher Boots - und
Schiffsbauer - Verband), which has among its almost 400 member
companies most of the German boat builders and equipment manufacturers.
The other body is the Cologne-based BWVS (Bundesverband
Wassersport-Wirtschaft) which has 1,100 member companies, 400 or so
of them 'direct' members. Only about 30-40 marine industry
companies are members of both associations. Claus-Ehlert Meyer,
head of the DBSV, says things are now markedly better
for the German marine industry than three years ago. The regular
pole of his members in 2000 registered a significant improvement in
confidence, though not in all sectors.... "... As regards coming
year most said they were positive and they were investing in
their future.".... Ahead of full, official 2000 industry figures, Meyer
also confirms boat exports were up, although boosted by five
very large superyachts lunched in Germany last year and undoubtedly
helped more generally by the weak Euro, to which
Deuschmark is now tied and by which it is soon to be
replaced. {Old Money New Order}
Concept Support : Unification of two nations of
diametrically opposite principle and administrative policies shatters the
Social and Economic development methodology and initiative. However the
synchronisation of the administrative decisions of the merged government
to suit the altered conditions, with Socio-economic development goals as
the prime consideration could make a dent in the situation and introduce a
development trend. This is both in the utilisation of domestic skills to
domestic technological potentials (Endogenous), and domestic investments
from domestic resources, through currency strengthening (Exogenous).
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INDIA
Support for Economics & management
Concepts of DR.VSRS (SEE
CONCEPTS)
ECONOMIC
MODELS AND THEIR DEVELOPMENT EXPERIENCES
The Indian Journal of Public
Administration. Quarterly Journal of
the Indian Institute of Public Administration, New Delhi, India.
April to June 2003. Pages 147 to 156.
GROWTH MODELS AND INDIA'S
POLICIES
BY KALA SEETHARAM SRIDHAR,
Assistant Professor, Indian
Institute of Management, Lucknow, India
The Literature on
economic growth identifies several theories that describes the phenomenon.
Rostow's stages of growth theory describes the transition
from under-development to development as a series of stages
- the traditional society, pre-conditions for take off into
self-sustaining growth, the take-off, drive into maturity and the age of
mass consumption-which most countries experience as they grow. There is
the assumption in this theory that successful industrialisation in
unbalanced in the sense that a single or a limited number has to be a
sector.... If we look at India's growth, it is debatable if
only one sector is poised to set India for take off...From this view,
Rostow's model is not a satisfactory explanation of the changes
occurring in India......
-
Another linear
stage model that explains growth at an aggregative stage is the
Harrod-Domar growth model,
which shows that in order to grow, economies must save and
invest a certain portion of their GNP. If more they
can save and invest, the faster they grow. If we
look at the relationship between savings and economic growth in
India, we find the paradox of high savings and and
low growth despite preferential tax treatment to savings...
-
Structural models
(primarily Lewis Model) of growth focus on transfer of
labor from agriculture where there is surplus labour, to the
modern industrial sector where employment and
productivity rise. The best empirical evidence of this structural
process described by Lewis may be observed in China... In
contrast, eastern Europe and former Soviet Union started reform
as urban and overly industrialised.... India
is in a similar situation to eastern Europe and former Soviet Union in
that it started reform in 1991 as urban and with overbuilt
industry, and too little consumer goods... We also have to observe that
another assumption of the structural process of growth described
by Lewis does not hold good in India. This is the
ability with which the modern industrial sector can absorb
surplus labour released by the agricultural sector...
-
The
international dependence
model draws heavily from from the Prebish-Singer
thesis that describes the existence of unequal international
power imbalances as the cause of under-development in developing
countries. Raul Prebisch
and Hans Singer blamed trade to be rather an engine of
under development for poor countries because they were colonised
to become export of primary products whose prices were
historically declining... Advocates of this thesis therefore
recommended that the solution to problems caused by unequal
power relationship is to keep one's economy closed and follow
import substitution policies. Consistent with this, and following
from its historical experience of colonial rule a model of
inward-looking policies-import substitution and export pessimism-is what
India adopted until 1991. However, towards the end of 1980s,
limitations of closed economies were demonstrated and the
advantages of openness, were exemplified by the
rapid growth of South-eastern Asian economies. These
factors, together with the fiscal crisis with which it was
faced in 1991, and the subsequent IMF mandate, changed
India to become an economy more open to imports and exports,
that exposed the domestic industry to international
competition after a long era of protection... This means that if we
are open and can integrate with the world economy, we can
expect to be fast growing and reach the growth rate of the
South-east Asian countries through increase in quantity
and quality of labour, capital and technology through trade and
investment....
-
The model aptly
describes India's growth during 1990s (as well as the earlier
populism) is supply-side
macro-economics. The central focus of the nonclassical
counter-revolution in favour of supply-side macro-economics is that
under development results from too much state intervention
by overly active Third World governments. This school
called for dismantling of statist planning, public ownership and
reducing government control over industries, that imply
reduction of tax rates... The decade of nineties witnessed a
second war (after the civil war) in United states. This in
spirit of supply-side macro-economics, is a war of tax
incentives among various states in the Unites States to attract
investment and employment to their states rather than to lose it
to others... In India, a war similar to the United states has
occurred in recent years, consistent with the trends
in favour of supply-side macro-economics... In the age of globalisation,
it is certainly acceptable to expose domestic industry to
competition through quality.....
Concept Support :
-
Rostow's Stages of Growth
Theory : It assumes that
every nation has an inherent tendency to aim for development and
progressively strive towards that goal. But there are no guidelines in
this model on the motivational tool for a progress goal development, to
lead towards such take-off sages from under-developed to development,
and measure the development. Just after independence in 1947, India
followed the first Five Year Plan with emphasis on unilateral
agricultural development, the Second Year Five Year Plan with unilateral
industrialisation etc...with foreign assistance. Uni-directional
agriculture and industrialisation without Domestic sources, as well as
without equal updates in Domestic Human and Technological infrastructure
based on Rostow's theory, does not lead the nation to an improved stage
of development. Also the Productivity aspect of development was not
taken into account by this model. In the Management decision for
development, the influence of intangible factors were never considered.
These are the reason for the failure of this model in a nation like
India, which has a fairly high level of tangible wealth / intelligentsia
as well as intangible social and economic disparities.
-
Harrod-Domar growth model,
which shows that in order to grow, economies must save and invest a
certain portion of their GNP. If more they can save and invest, the
faster they grow. If we look at the relationship between savings and
economic growth in India, we find the paradox of high savings and and
low growth despite preferential tax treatment to savings... It is
because of the fact that Domestic Investments from Domestic Savings
(Exogenous component) is an one-sided guideline, without their proper
synchronisation formula among them, and without reference to Domestic
Human potential and Technology (Endogenous component) . Government
decisions with reference to Socio-Economic Development orientation,
practical Productivity measures, as well as the influences of intangible
aspects are not a part of this model. These have resulted in a
paradoxical situation in India .
-
Structural models,
primarily Lewis
Model of growth focus on
transfer of labour from agriculture, where there is surplus labour, to
the modern industrial sector where employment and productivity are
expected to rise. This model considers the possibility of the Endogenous
component of Domestic Human potential transfers, without any reference
to the appropriate Domestic technology, and the need to synchronise them
with Human component. Also assumption on Productivity rise in this
model, is quantity oriented and not Socio-Economic development oriented.
Hence lob-sided Management decisions based on this model, without due
consideration to the influence of intangible components, failed to
bring-in the expected development in India, having large resources and
qualified/skilled surplus labour.
-
The
International dependence
model draws heavily from
from the
Prebish-Singer
thesis that describes the existence of unequal international power
imbalances as the cause of under-development in developing countries.
Closure to developed international power and their market, truncates the
development of a nation, by not taking advantage of their Research and
Development know-how, as well as the production possibility of their
needs at competitive domestic costs, prevailing due to lower level of
development. Hence, it is always wise to take advantage of international
power and assistance to start with, and progressively increase Domestic
Investments from Domestic savings (Exogenous component). Also
simultaneous development of Domestic Human potential to suit the
Domestic Technology (latest Endogenous component from the international
power moderated to suit local needs), are not part of the Prebish-Singer
model. International influence is an intangible component, and it should
be utilised with proper precautions, with an eye on the measurement of
the Productivity of the nation, with reference to Socio-Economic
development units. The effect is that all the nationalised sectors as
well as those in the exclusive control of the government in India are
progressively offered to private parties, including competitive bidders
from international locations.
-
The central focus of the
nonclassical counter-revolution in favour of
Supply-side
Macro-economics is that
under development results from too much state intervention by overly
active Third World governments. Reducing government controls and taxes
are incentives for investment. But those who invest not necessarily
follow the guidelines of Exogenous rule of progressive Domestic
Investment from Domestic savings, and Endogenous rule of progressive
Domestic Technology with Domestic Human potential, and their
synchronisation. Also these should be backed with Socio-Economic
development oriented Productivity approaches and Management Decision
should be oriented with due consideration for the intangible aspects.
Unless all these complex components are taken care, there cannot be any
improvement in the national Socio-Economic development. This is what is
happening to India, even after 56 years of Independence.
The
Algebraic model
on redefined productivity / Socio-Economic development oriented Management
Decision guidelines, together with theGeometric
model for Socio-Economic
development acceleration by
DR.VSRS, are comprehensive
models, taking care of all the required components needed for the nations
to progress in development as well as to sustain their development status
on a continuing basis.
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The Indian Journal of Public Administration. Quarterly Journal of
the Indian Institute of Public Administration, New Delhi, India. October
to December 2002. Pages 582 to 589
On going Global transformations need
guidance, to avoid very negative looming consequences and realise
very positive potentials... It is recognised that there is more
to living standards than is typically captured in GDP accounting.
Improvement in education or health are not just means to an end of
increased output... Equity, security and healthy are not just
means, to an end of increased welfare... Over 300 BC Kautilya in his
famous treatise Arthasastra, discussing about good ruler king observed
that - "in the happiness of his subjects lies his happiness, in
their welfare his welfare, whatever pleases himself he shall not consider
as good, but whatever pleases his subjects he shall consider as
good". In contrast to this the recent Human Development Report
2002, observes that there is no single answer to a question of what
is good governance, however, what makes institutions and rulers
more effective, including transparency, participation, responsiveness,
accountability and the rule of law may be regarded as element of good
governance... World bank has identified the following
characteristics of good governance as : political accountability;
availability of freedom; law abiding citizens and people in power;
bureaucratic accountability; transparency; availability of information;
effectiveness; efficiency; and cooperation between government and
society... Just as Thomas Moore, long back found difficulty
in defining good and ultimately said that "good is good".... Earlier there
was a common wisdom that there was a trade-off between rapid
growth and democratic governance... Now it has been realised
that instead of contradictions both reinforce each other and are
complementary... Whatever be the outlook towards government one
feature that runs commonly through all of them is high level of
dissatisfaction among the people which is the direct outcome of
poor governance... Governance must Ensure Promotion of ...
propensities for rapid learning ; and improvisation and crisis
decision-making... The present policy system is - "Pressure
Dominated Multi Media Populist Democracy", instead of "Quality
Democracy"... In a nutshell for good governance local elements by way of
local participation, local representation, local authority, local
accountability, efficiency and productivity are all basic requirements...
By staying closer to people, a decentralised system may have
superior information channels that permit more efficient
resource allocation decisions... The importance of income
differentials between households and regions is a second
criteria...Per capita income is a third dimension.. Governance
should be founded on the consent of the people and really democratic...
This requires workable rules for decision making...
Good Governance : Populist Democracy
to Quality Democracy By : R.S.Tiwari
Concept
Support : The article clearly converges the concept of good
governance, towards the need for a Broad based Management Decision
methodology and Synchronisation of Resources.
-
There is
more to living standards than is typically captured in GDP accounting,
indicates the necessity for a different approach to Productivity... The
importance of income differentials between households and regions is a
second criteria...Per capita income is a third dimension..
-
Kautilya's famous treatise Arthasastra, discussing about the good ruler
(king) leads towards the need for Socio-Economic Development orientation
of any ruler (or the government administrator) to build a closer link
with the public.
-
The
Human Development Report 2002 and the World bank standards for good
governance sharpen the Management behavior and decision methodology at a
public level towards a broad-based self and public justice approach...
superior information channels that permit more efficient resource
allocation decisions...
-
This
justice occurs by the simultaneous synchronisation of Domestic Manpower
with Domestic Technology and Domestic savings with domestic Investments,
and contemporised expansion of their dimensions, in my new concept.
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IIPA NEWS LETTER. Indian Institute of Public
Administration, New Delhi 110002. India. November 2002.
Proceeding of the Annual General Body Meeting. Pages 1 to 3.
The forty-eighth General Body Meeting of IIPA
members was held on October 25, in IIPA auditorium at New Delhi....
Discussing the progress in the previous century which witnessed
giant strides in knowledge and material well-being, Shri Shekhawat
mentioned that although the previous century has brought in
automobiles, aircrafts, information technology and put man on the moon,
yet the "giant leap for the mankind" has not added to the desired
level of human happiness. Shri Shekhawat observed that the
twentieth century also gave us atom bomb and the knowledge and means of
mass self-destruction but at the same time mankind lives in fear
of its own technology. He remarked that technological development
in last century has given us a world where not only ideas and
innovations, finance and commodities, but even poverty, greed and
terror have become globalised..... Shri Shekhawat observed that although
the world has virtually shrunk to a global village, yet psychological
barriers to building brotherhood remain due to misunderstanding
and hatred.... According to Shri Chavan, globalisation demands a new
approach to governance where the administration is nimble and agile
and quickly adjusts to and anticipates global developments. He
stated that repeated crisis in developing countries have the
global flows of finance can destabilise the economies of the
developing countries unless policy-makers have a proper
monitoring system to anticipate problems in time and are able
to respond quickly to emerging pressure. shri Chavan
observed that though policy and administration must be open to
global influences, the primary responsibility of national governments is
towards its own citizens, especially the poor and the
under-privileged who often do not gain adequately from markets
and emerging world order. He felt that the provision of basic
needs, removal of poverty illiteracy and improvements in the
living standards of the poor must remain our primary concern
till fulfillment of basic needs is assured for even the poorest.
Concept Support : In the universe of Development
Economics, Social development is represented by Endogenous circle linking
Domestic technology with Domestic human potential (Technical
Infrastructure) and Economic development is represented by Exogenous
circle linking Domestic investment with Domestic saving potential
(Entrepreneurial background). In the previous century, Technology
representing material growth, has taken precedence over the Human
development representing peace, brotherhood and human happiness, due to
the concepts of globalisation and keeping pace with the world. The gainers
in this approach are the developed world and the losers are the third
world nations. The 2 components of the Endogenous circle should be
balanced at every point of time. The mankind lives in fear of its own
technology, because of the non utilisation of my redefined productivity
concept that development should be measured with reference to the
Socio-Economic development goal as a prime unit, than the quantum unit,
generally used. If this redefined measure is used, the basic needs will
gain priority over the materials of self-destruction.
Management
decision should take the bottom-line intangible components namely the
psychological, social, international and universal occurrences as a prime
factor, in addition to the techno-commercial components. This will induct
the decision makers in the private as well as in the government level to
respond quickly to emerging pressures on the way to the goals leading
towards Socio-economic development.
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THE JOURNAL OF THE INDIAN INSTITUTE OF PUBLIC
ADMINISTRATION, New Delhi, India. April - June 2002, Page 150
(Conclusion).
First State Finance Commission of
Himachal Pradesh - Its Role, Relevance and Recommendations relating to
Panchayati raj Institutions. By : Prof. Shiv Raj
Singh, Chairman, Department of Public Administration, Himachal Pradesh
University, Shimla. India. and L.N.Sharma, Lecturer in Political science,
Government College, Sarkaghat, Himachal Pradesh. India.
Recommendation of the first ever SFC (State
Finance Commission) are quiet objective, important and relevant to
improve the financial position of the PRIs (Panchyat Raj Institutions)
in the state. But these institutions cannot emerge as financially
viable entities until they generate their own resources, for
which all the necessary powers at all levels must be given to these
institutions without any further delay.... The objective of
strengthening the democratic process at the grass-roots level
can be achieved only if the local bodies become
economically self-reliant.
Concept
Support : This recommendation directly supports the concept that the
Exogenous circle linking the Domestic resources (savings) should support
the (Investment) Capital needs, even at a village Panjayat Raj level. This
is mandatory for strengthening the democratic process at the grass-roots
level. But the recommendation of the State Finance Commission could be
realised in practice, only if the Endogenous circle linking the Domestic
manpower with Domestic technology is also equally strengthened. The
improved income by a broad-based employment of the domestic manpower alone
can improve the "own resources" in the form of Domestic savings.
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THE JOURNAL OF THE INDIAN OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION, New
Delhi, India. April - June 2002, Page 183 (Summary in the beginning).
Some aspects of disaster mitigation and management in India.
By : Dr.Biswaroop Das, Centre for Social studies, South Gujerat University
Campus, Surat. India.
Disaster management is emerging as a
subject for study for administrators, planners and policy
makers.This article outlines the approaches to manage and mitigating
disaster. The author lays emphasis on critical and scientific analysis
of disaster related data for making preparedness and
response plans. There is enough to learn from the experience of some
recent disasters to streamline the rescue and relief operations.....
Environmentalists believe that developmental activities induce most
of the nature's imbalances which are manifested in the form of
natural calamities and disasters from time to time. We may choose to
ignore the word of caution while planning the developmental
activities, but the planners will be better advised to brace
up for the resultant disasters and hazards...
Concept
Support : The Management Decision Model emphasises that the Universal
(Nature's imbalances), International and Local occurrences are influential
and most important feed-back guideline factors for Socio-Economic
Development oriented Management Decisions. In a macro level national
planning, this is an imperative necessity for the developmental
activities, leading to move towards positive Socio-Economic Development.
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THE HINDU, MAGAZINE, FOCUS. Thiruvananthapuram,
India. November 4, 2001 (Sunday) Page 4.
No one could have anticipated the miracle for
which C.Subramaniam (CS) has laid not only the foundation but also the
road map for self-sufficiency in food in the country. On the floor
of the Parliament he said, "Therefore if this house and the country want
that we should reach self-sufficiency, as far as I am
concerned, as far as this Government is concerned, I want to give this
pledge that we shall do everything possible to become
self-sufficient and to see that we get rid of our dependence on
imported food grains as early as possible". The pledge was fulfilled when
the country between 1976 and 1980 imported no
grains despite a severe draught of 1979 that resulted in decreased
production by 22 million tonnes over the previous year.... C.Subramaniam
thus set out two major objectives of the agricultural policy for
achieving self-sufficiency in food grains. These were (i) introduce
science and technology in agriculture, and (ii) establish a pricing
policy to motivate farmers for enhancing production..... Having
decided to introduce new technology, there were several decisions to be
taken - (i) to gain confidence that the technology would be
successful in wheat growing regimes, (ii) if it was indeed successful
then to spread to a large area as soon as possible
to do away with the PL-480 supplies. In a meeting
of scientists M.S.Swaminathan, then Head of the Botany Division, IARI,
suggested organisation of 1000 demonstration plots of two hectare
each in farmer's fields. On the question of failure demonstrations,
CS promised to compensate farmers if they lost. Thus began the
ambitious programme of producing 25 million tons of wheat, unparalleled
in the history of agriculture anywhere in the world... This led to
improvement in agricultural production in many developing countries.
Dr.Borlaugh received the Nobel Pize for his contribution for peace
through agriculture production
that popularly came to be known as "Green Revolution".... A reply
during the debate in Rajya sabah summed up this conviction, He said "There
is a proverb in Tamil and I am sure my honourable friend (Referring to
C.N.Annadurai, then Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu) will bear me out. It is
to the effect that we wait for all the waves to
subside before we enter the ocean for the purpose of taking a bath, then
we will never be able to enter the ocean at all. We have
to brave the waters and enter the ocean."
{Architect of the Green Revolution. By Suresh Krishna. The writer is a
Former Director, Indian Agricultural Research institute, New Delhi}
Concept Support : This is a practical Result-oriented
support to establish the fact that approaching the Productivity in any
sector, with reference to the Socio-Economic goals (like
self-sufficiency), as primary, than the quantum aspects (like more output
for input), alone can revolutionise the development requirements of any
nation. Domestic technology, derived from modern developments / modified
to suit domestic environments, is a pre-requisite. Management Decisions in
an aggregate government level should be prepared to forge forward without
time-loss, as well as planned incentives to motivate the domestic social
development contributory participants are mandatory (intangibles are more
important than tangibles).
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THE HINDU, Thiruvananthapuram, India. November 03,
2001, Saturday.
Page 10.
REMOVING STRUCTURAL HURDLES should
necessarily precede the changes planned for India's economy to move into
the second stage of reforms. Not- withstanding the amendments already made
to economic legislation, much more remains to be done. Reforming
many of the existing laws - those that took effect to support state led
economic growth - will call for changes that go beyond ere
legislative purposes. They would have to encompass the range of issues
involved, and take proper not of the linkages
between law and economic activity. Simply put, the magnitude of changes
required touch upon the basic factors of production, land, labour,
capital and organisation. Sweeping reforms such as these will necessarily
have to be approached in a measured manner, and should secure the
advantage of as broad a consensus as possible.. While a decade of economic
reforms saw a plethora of groups making recommendations on changes
required in several sectors of the economy, the progress card does
not show much satisfaction. Attempts to change the more
sensitive laws have either been deferred or have found themselves held
up in procedures. An oft-cited hurdle to attract more foreign direct
investment has been the legal structure and changing this is bound to more
difficult within a democratic framework.
Nonetheless, the changes required will have to be made taking into account
the sensitivities involved.... While thinking behind amending the Indian
laws relating to economic activity is to bring them on par with
international laws, it is also important that domestic issues are not
forgotten. With the country moving to a situation where
efficiency will decide economic survival, social
issues cannot be ignored. The difficult balance between
facilitating efficiency and protecting social concerns will have to be
struck. If a broad reason is to be identified for the slow progress, in
changing economic laws, it is the inability to strike this ideal balance.
The argument for changes in land laws to bring in more efficient farm
practices is a pointer to the difficulties that would have to be
encountered and the social changes that could result from such changes.
{Economic Reforms and the Law, Editorial}
Concept Support : This a direct analysis of the
hurdles in accelerating the Socio-Economic development of a nation, with
conflicting legal and social implications. The solution is offered by the
concept, that Productivity of a nation should be shifted drastically from
the current quantum aspect to a Socio-Economic reference dimension. This
will integrate the conflicts between the laws and the social aspects.
Accordingly the Management decisions of the Government infrastructure
should concentrate on the synchronisation of the Exogenous Circle
(Domestic investment upgradation for domestic investments) with the
Endogenous circle (Local manpower support for moderated latest
technologies and methodologies), and optimising their development
diameters. Attempts to upgrade Endogenous aspects, without an equal
attempt to upgrade the Exogenous dimension as well as the old Productivity
assumptions are the direct result of the current situation.
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GULF NEWS (UAE), Opinion, August 11, 2001 (Saturday),
Page 6.
Agriculturally we have done better because
of the hard working farmers. But see the
Government's achievements : It has not been able to
provide even drinking water to most people. Poverty and squalor
continue to hound the nation as disparities grow among
people and the states. And, as for education this year
also the allocation was only 6 percent of the budget.... There is a
sense of frustration and depression in the country.
The old buoyancy of spirit is not to be found when
enthusiasm and hard work are most needed. And in our efforts
to ensure material prosperity,
we have not paid any attention to the spiritual element in
human nature.... We talk of welfare state and of democracy and socialism.
They are good concepts, but they hardly convey any clear and unambiguous
meaning. They are means to an end, and not the end itself. The
touch stone should be how far any political or social
system enables the individual to rise above his
petty self and think in terms of the good for all.
(By Kuldip Nayar for Gulf News, New Delhi. The comment is by
Kuldip Nayar, a former Indian High Commissioner to UK and a Rajya Sabha
MP)
Concept Support :
Non-cautious management decisions on Psycho-Socio intensive issues, and
its post implications. Social Rate of Return NOT considered over the
Quantum and Financial Rate of return (or Material Rate of Return). Hence
the problem. Socio-Psycho intensive and those related to the basic needs
should be considered with balance, and proper decisions should be
made to accelerate the Socio-Economic Development. The productivity
of any country should be measures with reference to The Socio-Economic
Development goal achievements than Quantum output achievements.
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THE GULF TODAY (UAE),
Business, August 2, 2001 (Thursday), Page 21
Technology research firm Gartner has projected the
number of regular Internet users in India to raise 32 percent to
7.9 million by end-2001. from six million currently, and to 40 million by
end-2005, a statement from the firm said on Wednesday...Gartner said Cyber
Kiosks were most popular means of accessing the Internet in India,
thanks to their affordability and availability. "The cost of other
Internet access devices such as PC (personal computer) or mobile
phones will remain prohibitive for most of the population in India"
the statement said.
(MUMBAI, Reuters).
Concept Support : Imported
Hi-tech utility. Non-cost conscious local infrastructure. Potential
advantage and profitability for the foreign services at the local cost and
population. Social Rate of return is not evaluated.
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THE GULF TODAY (UAE),
Business, August 2, 2001 (Thursday), Page 21
Thousands of investors flocked to the office of
the Unit Trust of India
(UTI) all over the country, on Wednesday, desperate to sell off
units of a popular scheme that has crashed. The 20 million investors in
the US-64 plan frozen for six months from July 2 are being allowed to
redeem 3,000 units each at a face value of Rs 10 per unit, a 40 percent
discount to the price UTI paid in May.... Some unit holders were angry
with UTI for "carelessly handling public money" and "taking
small investors for a ride". (New Delhi,
Indo-Asian News Service)
Concept Support :
Non-cautious management decisions on Psycho-Socio intensive issues, and
its post implications. Social Rate of Return NOT considered over the
Quantum and Financial Rate of return. Hence the problem.
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GULF NEWS (UAE), India, August 1, 2001
(Wednesday ), Page 24.
It needed wide spread protests across the
city for the Maharashtra Government to realise that it had taken an
unwise and discriminatory decision to cut aid to English
medium schools and then ask them to raise the fees....The
government felt that the children going to English-medium schools were
from economically better-off families as compared to
Marathi schools. Schools were told to collect the short fall by
collecting higher fees from August 1. from all students, except from
holders of yellow ration card, who are below poverty
line..... The Forum of Aided English Medium Schools said that the
decision was wrong as a majority of the children in these schools
were poor and there would be massive schools drop-outs.
(From Pamela Raghunath - Our Mumbai Correspondent. "Decision
follows widespread protests across Mumbai")
Concept Support :
Psycho-socio implied decision should be made cautiously and after a
pre-evaluation. Local population should be well trained to meet the
needs of international developments, so that the pace of
Socio-economic development could be accelerated. Social Rate of Return is
NOT considered superior to Financial Rate of Return. Neglecting
these guidelines will only lead the country towards more backwardness.
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IIPA NEWS LETTER (INDIA) Indian Institute of
Public Administration,
June 2001, Page 1.
Course on Community Based Disaster
Management - IIPA's National Centre for Disaster Management
- jointly with Disaster Mitigation Institute, Asian Disaster Preparedness
Centre, Duryog Nivaran, ITDG, South Asia - organised the programme from
May 7-12. Besides introducing various preparatory tools in
community based risk assessment, the course was designed for the
participants to : identify various risk reduction measures that can be
undertaken by the community and translate these measures into
community level action plan; and learn lessons by providing
opportunity for sharing local and valuable experiences.
(Institute News)
Concept Support :
Intangible components like Universal effects through disaster, is a vital
and priority aspect of modern management decision process. Their
priority is more than the value attached to quantum tangible aspects.
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IIPA NEWS LETTER (INDIA) Indian Institute of
Public Administration,
June 2001, Page 4.
Plan to Check Slowdown in Economy
- The Union Government is proposed to set up public investment,
especially in power sector, and also by working out sector specific
strategies for reviewing the old economy. The government has
decided to monitor developments in key sectors on a weekly
basis and to hold separate discussions with industry groups such as
cement, automobiles, housing and the electrical industry to start with.
Besides this, the government is working out plans to set up public
spending in crucial sectors like power. The plan revolves
around augmenting the financial resources of state utilities
such as National Thermal Power Corporation and National Hydro Electric
Power Corporation for completing on-going projects and and also for taking
up new projects. (News from Centre)
Concept Support :
Indigenous technology should be executed by domestic skills and domestic
investments should be pooled from domestic saving resources. If these two
Endogenous and Exogenous aspects are synchronised on an on-going process,
the direction of the Socio-economic development will start assuming an
accelerated pace. However the results of these Productivity attempts
should be measured through the redefined Socio-economic goal units, than
through simple quantum units.
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IIPA NEWS LETTER (INDIA) Indian Institute of
Public Administration,
June 2001, Page 5.
In attempt to attract foreign investment
the Union Government has thrown open the gates to
foreign direct investment (FDI) by
hiking the limits in telecom, banks, drugs and pharmaceuticals,
airports, development of townships, hotels and tourism, courier services,
mass rapid transport system and defence. While the government has
decided to allow the Indian private sector to invest 100 per cent
in the defence industry, FDI would be restricted to the extent of
26 per cent. In case of Internet service providers with gateways,
radio paging and end-to-end band width, FDI has been increased
from 49 to 74 per cent. The proposal would need approval by the
Foreign Investment Promotion Board (FIPB), and are subject to licensing
and security requirements (News from the
Centre)
Concept Support :
Acceleration of Socio-economic development warrants Domestic
investments from Domestic savings (Individual, Corporate, Government
sources). This is the Exogenous circular process to strengthen the
dependence on foreign sources and control the foreign liabilities.
Contrary to this guideline, the the Foreign Direct Investment
channel is opened and expanded. The foreign investment sources will
operate only on a good rate of return to repatriate the earnings to
foreign locations. This is against the guidelines for accelerating the
Socio-economic development.
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TECHNORAMA, A supplement to the Journal of the
Institution of Engineers (India), Kolkata 700020, India
Monthly, Summer 2001 (April 2001), Page 3.
Reducing unemployment of university graduates
depends on two factors in particular (among several others) : a) the
general economic growth and the consequent creation of new
employment opportunities : and b) the relevance of the skill
profiles of the graduates to the requirement of the emerging
occupations.... The economic growth of advanced industrialised societies
can be attributed largely to their capability to generate
technologies and apply them to industrial production. Enhancing the
technological capability is crucial to development. The
technological capability of a country in choosing, acquiring, generating
and applying technologies, which contribute to meeting its
development objectives, resides first of all in human skills - in
individuals with requisite inclination, training
and experience. The second component of technological capability is the
institutions which bring together skills and know-how that
individual possess and permits its application. The third
component is a common purpose without which
individual and organisations would not serve the purpose
of development. ("Human Capital Development in Engineering for
Global Competitiveness : Changing Occupation and Skill patterns" By Prof.
Ashoka Chandra, Special Secretary, Ministry of Human Resources
Development, Government of India. From the Text of the 12th Dr.A.N.Khosla
Memorial Lecture, delivered on Fourteenth Engineering Congress, New Delhi,
January 29-31, 2001)
Concept Support : Updating
the technology to suit the local environments and training domestic
individuals to meet the need is one aspect of the Socio-economic
development process. Also the globalisation has expanded the
techno-investment dimension of the technology. Because of these, the
Productivity of any sector should be evaluated with reference to the
Socio-economic development objectives, rather than a Quantum aspect.
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TECHNORAMA, A supplement to the Journal of the
Institution of Engineers (India), Kolkata 700020, India
Monthly, Summer 2001 (April 2001), Page 8.
Managing the Indian industry in the present
millennium will, therefore, require 'capabilities' and 'capacities'
appropriate for handling unfolding 'challenges' and 'opportunities'.
The nature of these 'capabilities' and 'capacities' will depend on the
nature of current and future changes... Two world-wide changes are
happening. One is the change and philosophy and approach towards
governance from 'socialist pattern' to 'market driven' and the other is
globalisation of economy. Progressively every country is coming
out of licence and permit regime. Role of Governments is
changing from that of 'controller' to 'regulator'. Thus, the direct
role of Government in business is coming to an end.... The
Government has not only to facilitate competition, it has also to
play a positive role in making industry
globally competitive... The globalization of economy has brought
global integration of 'resources' and 'markets'.
The barriers are coming down in terms of accessibility to physical
resources, financial capital, technology and human resources. Similarly
market base is not only unrestricted but also unlimited. A
country's boundary no longer dictates the size of the market....
Capital is shifting away from the industries
and from countries that do not have adequately responsive
strategies. Capital will flow to only destinations of maximum
return. Many a dogma like national industries
versus multinational industries, and small scale versus large industries,
will submerge in the sea of competition... Only those
economic thought process and strategies would ultimately survive
that help in managing and winning competition...Two peculiar
paradoxical situations are emerging in the business environment. One
is that of the process of globalization is co-existing with
formation of regional economic creations like ASEAN, NAFTA, and SAFTA. And
the other is that while globalization is encouraging competition,
acquisition and merger of major companies are reducing the number
of industry-specific key players. In past these contradictions were
neither possible to conceive nor manage.
("Managing Indian Industries in the New Millennium" By Shri
V.K.Agarwal, Former Chairman, Railway Board and Ex-Officio Principal
Secretary to Government of India. From the text of the 42nd Sir
Mokshaguundam Visvesvaraya Memorial Lecture delivered on Fourteenth
Engineering Congress, New Delhi, January 29-32, 2001)
Concept Support : In the new
Millennium, Globalisation has strengthened the effects of
"Cost Consciousness", the grass-root for competitive inputs, and
"Quality orientation", the foundation for Techno-labour output management.
Unless these two aspects are taken care with utmost priority and
sincerity, the business/industry cannot continue to survive and the
Socio-economic development, which is depended on this, cannot progress.
This is a direct inference of the model by needing the optimum integration
of the Exogenous (Domestic capital from domestic sources for cost
optimisation), and Endogenous (Domestic labour to man domestic technology)
circles in a nation, irrespective of the bracket of the development
status.
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GULF NEWS (UAE), Business, July 21, 2000 ( Friday )
The Indian Rupee ended at a new closing
low of 44.89/90 yesterday, after the dollar supplies pulled the unit
back from its intra-day low of 44.925, dealers said. The Rupee is close to
its all time low of 44.95 per dollar recorded on June 9..." One state run
bank came with dollar supplies just before close and quoted lower "
said a dealer in European Bank
( MUMBAI ).
Concept Support : Improper
management of local - foreign trade leverages. Implications affect high
payments for imports, and less returns for exports. Improper concept of
Productivity principles. Since other foreign currencies (except those few
countries poorer than India) provide a multiplied amount when remitted
from abroad, this will motivate the emigration of large number of people
from India. In India what you cannot save in a life span of 50 years, one
can remit in a few months, even accepting jobs of 1/10 of the payment of
what they deserve and eligible, in a foreign and alien location of the
world, simply because of the foreign exchange leverage. Since the
Productivity is not integrated with Social development, and viewed in a
material quantum fashion, this situation continues to grow.
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INDONESIA
Support for Economics & Management Concepts of
DR.VSRS
(SEE CONCEPTS)
THE JOURNAL OF THE INDIAN INSTITUTE OF PUBLIC
ADMINISTRATION. New Delhi, India. April - June 2002,
Page 151 (Summary in the beginning).
Bureaucratic support factors in a
decentralised Agricultural extension in Indonesia : An initial assessment.
By : Dr.Wardin, Ministry of National education, Faculty of Economics,
Diponegoro University, Indonesia.
Decentralisation policy in agricultural
extension was not effectively implemented in Indonesia at the
local level. Effectiveness in programme planning, decision
making, resources utilisation and provision of benefits were
not executed as expected by the policy objectives. As
beneficiaries of the services, farmers received little
from the extension services. There was a tendency that lower level
officers have lower understanding and knowledge pertaining to the
current implementation policy. Effectiveness of policy implementation was
positively and significantly correlated to the
bureaucratic support from district government bureaucracy, supervision as
well as guidance from higher level agricultural agencies
Concept Support : This case in Indonesia is a development of a
higher level of agricultural extension policy (Techno-commercial system),
without a synchronised development of domestic manpower infrastructure to
effectively implement the same. This has resulted in the objective of the
extension plan not reaching the beneficiaries, the farmers. This clearly
indicates the concept that the any imbalance in the two wings Endogenous
circle, namely the Domestic Manpower and the Domestic Technology should be
balanced well. Otherwise it will be injurious to Socio-Economic
development.
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IRAQ
Support for Economics & Management Concepts of
DR.VSRS (SEE CONCEPTS)
Oil Review, Middle East Issue, Issue Five
2002. Pages 16 -18.
"Under Utilised Potential".
Since September 11th, 2002, the ongoing threats
of terrorism, and unstable geopolitical conditions in the
Middle East, coupled with US's campaign against Saddam Hussain's
regime have shifted the focus from the significant economic
benefits of developing Iraq's hydrocarbons riches. Iraq, a
founding member of the Organisation of Petroleum Exporting Countries
(OPEC), is permitted to export 2.2m barrels per day (bpd) under the
United Nation's "Oil for the Food" scheme..... Crude oil was first
discovered in northern Iraq during 1927, well before Saudi
Arabia, Kuwait and Abu Dhabi.... The full potential of Iraq's hydrocarbons
remains under-explored because the vast western desert region may
contain sizeable new oil/gas reserves.... The country's proven
reserves are almost four times those of the US (the world's
biggest oil-user)..... The extraction costs in Iraq are among
the world's lowest, estimated at below US$ 1 per barrel, because
the bulk of oil reserves are close to the
surface..... Oil constitutes the bedrock of sanction-bound economy,
representing over two-thirds of gross domestic product and
95 per cent of total exports. The petroleum industry remains
in dire shape, reflecting gross "under-investments" over the
past 22 years at least.... Mr.Kolfi Annan, the UN Secretary-General
warned a "major breakdown" in the oil sector if vital spare
parts and equipment were not forthcoming. During the past 3 years
Baghdad has spent just US$ 1,200 mn on foreign spare parts. In
essence only Russian technologies have sustained the
industry and therefore prevented Iraqi oil production and
processing facilities from deteriorating beyond repair.... A report
by Saybolt international, an oil consultancy said that Iraq's use of
short-term production techniques were generally unconventional
within the global oil industry. According to British Foreign
Office, damage to Iraq's energy infrastructure (oilfields,
pipelines, refineries, and export terminals) has contributed to US$ 100
billion in economic losses over two decades....For
political/diplomatic reasons, the Iraqi government is more inclined
to offer energy sector (and related) contracts to companies from
Russia, France and China (the permanent members
of the UN Security council). These countries have vested
economic interests in Iraq (which Baghdad has been exploiting
in order to counteract possible US Military strikes).... The
industry's revival depends on massive foreign investment and
new technology of oil majors, as well as a stable political
environment this decade... Moreover, if future Iraqi output is
compatible with its actual capacity and reserves, as well as
socio-economic development requirements, it may undermine Saudi
Arabia's status as the globe's top producer.... But it would take
at least a decade to build a world-class petroleum industry in
Iraq.
Concept Support : A country with abundant and
un-explored wealth, capable of becoming a World Leader in Oil Production
and Supply, with a vast potential for Socio-Economic Development, is in a
down-trodden stage and the people suffer. The reasons are logically and
practically explained by the new mathematically derived concepts.
-
Politico-Management decision to give priority to all other
aspects, than Socio-Economic Development.
-
Measuring internal oil sector Productivity with reference to the
support gaining against a potential external attack, rather than the
internal Socio-Economic Development.
-
Endogenous component matching of Domestic Manpower with
Domestic Technology is completely absent. Solely depended on out-dated
foreign techno-commercial support.
-
Exogenous synchronisation of Domestic Savings with Domestic investment
is absolutely absent.
-
All
other nations have vested interest. Hence, Domestic dependence on both
Exogenous and Endogeous aspects should be aimed at, eventhough it is
necessary to depend upon foreign assistance to start with. It
was totally absent.As a result, the nation instead of
accelerating its Socio-Economic development, deteriorated towards
an irreparable disaster, which will take many decades to recover.
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ISRAEL
Support for Economics & Management
Concepts of
DR.VSRS
(SEE CONCEPTS)
THE GULF TODAY, Daily News Paper, UAE. Monday,
April 8, 2002. Home. Page - 1.
Israel affirmed on Sunday that its military
offensive in the West Bank would continue for up to three
weeks as its military pounded the West Bank cities of Nablus and Jenin and
battled with Palestinians in alleyways.... Israeli Prime Minister
Ariel Sharon said the assault on the Palestinians was at "point of
no return" a day after US President George W.Bush called on Sharon to
pull back his troops "without delay". Sharon referred to
"disagreements among friends" with Washington over the issue. The
UN agency dealing with Palestinian refugees the Israeli occupation
forces have "made a hellish battle ground among the civilians in
Balata and Jenin refugee camps". { Israeli offensive to last
for weeks From Occupied Jerusalem }
PANORAMA, Friday Weekly Magazine of the Gulf
Today, UAE.
April 5-11, 2002. Page 26 - 27.
However, there are major differences
between the political situation today and that of 1982. In 1993 Israel and
the Palestine Liberation Organisation signed an
agreement involving Israel's withdrawal from the occupied
Palestine territories and the emergence of a Palestinian entity....
Furthermore, a majority of Israelis is prepared to accept the
establishment of a Palestinian states beside Israel. The international
community, including the US has approved this plan, most recently
in UN Security Council resolution. Thus, it is too late for Sharon to
turn back the clock on the peace process launched by Us-convened
Madrid Conference of 1991. The germ of Palestinian
independence has been sworn, the plant has taken the root,
the Palestinian state will come forth in spite of Sharon. Perhaps even
because of Sharon. He could pay a high political price for his
brutal and bloody attempt to defeat political realities with military
excesses.
{ Sharon's losing battle By Michael Jansen - Cover Story
}
Concept support : The Productivity of any activity should be
evaluated with reference to the Socio-Economic Development (SED) Units.
The primary aspiration of any Israeli in-house, is continued
self-sufficiency in the bare minimum primary requirements such as food,
clothing, shelter and peaceful living. The war and revolution may be
highly productive in terms of the numbers killed per attempt, or the
quantum use of ammunition per square feet of territorial capture. But with
reference to the SED units, the entire war and the associated attempts for
the past many decades, are highly unproductive. At least at the wake this
millennium it should be realised and direction of thoughts should be
diverted towards the in-house development of Israel. Investment support
from internal and external sources (Exogenous element) should not any more
be used for ammunition / war-attempts, but directed for economic
construction and rehabilitation. The moral, mental and physical energy of
the domestic manpower (Endogenous element) should not any more be used for
peripheral territorial safe-guard, but for domestic techno-commercial
development. These thoughts in line with the Concepts will open the
channel for a non-violent approach, peaceful solution and ultimate gain
for the Israel and the Israelis towards the expected end-result of all the
decades of spent efforts. The developed mediating nation - US - should
bring in these thoughts in line with the Mathematically proven concepts.
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ITALY
Support for Economics & Management Concepts of DR.VSRS
(SEE CONCEPTS)
IBI (International Boat Industry), UK. June/July
2002. Page 9.
The lack of marinas in southern Italy is
stunning the growth of the country's boat market, says Italian marine
trade federation UCINA president Paolo Vitelli. He told journalists at the
SATEC Convention in Santa Margherita Ligure (May 17-20) that the paucity
of berths in Southern Italy is a major concern for UNICA, and he
renewed calls for government help to push through reforms to
enable marina development in south of the country. According to
Vitelli, Italy has 48,000 berths about a fifth of the number of
marinas in France, and the country needs an extra 100,000 berths.
Vitelli told IBI that he believed 20-25,000 of these berths could be put
on private land on Italy's Adriatic coast, which lends itself to marina
development, unlike rockier Mediterranean coast line.... "We must create a
state infrastructure," Vitelli told IBI "a strategy that sees the
creation of good quality marinas of the right size where they are
needed. It is a delicate situation where we have to convince
the governments, who often want the biggest marina possible, that
is better for all concerned if they get a better quality smaller
marina". According to UCINA Italy is exporting 80 per cent of all
the boat it produces. "In many ways having strong exports is a good
thing" commented Vitelli. "However 80 per cent is too much. We need
to have the infrastructure to keep some of those boats in this
country , just like that created in Palma"
{UCINA renews calls for marina strategy}.
Concept Support : 80% export
of the total production is a good thing and indicates a good productivity
in the boat industry. However the productive contribution should not be
evaluated with reference to the quantum aspect alone. When Productivity is
seen with reference to the Socio-Economic Development units, 80% export is
too much. A sizeable quantum of the boats should be utilised within the
marina trade, which could accelerate a more meaningful Socio-Economic
Development cycle, through improvement in the utilisation of domestic
technology with domestic skills (Endogenous Circle).
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GULF NEWS (UAE), Europe, July 30, 2001 ( Monday ) ,
Page 9
People living on the slopes of Mount Etna
sought solace in their faith yesterday and asked for divine
protection from the volcano's fury. In Nicolosi, the only
town near the molten rivers of lava, worshippers crowded the
church of Santa maria della Grazia for Mass and laid flowers at the shrine
of the St. Antony's their patron saint. "Local people still believe
in miracles" said teacher Gianbattista Martinazoli said as he left
the mass. "If human technology can't keep the lava back, the
Eternal father is our only salvation". Nicolosi's priest the Rev.
Bartolomeo Ruggieri, said the danger of living on the
slopes of a live volcano, Europe's largest,
makes his parishioners strong.
"Being in danger's path
makes them wiser" he said. "It makes them reflect
on the human condition, about mortality, about the fact
they can exist - and then not exist". Etna,
which towers 3,310 meters above Sicily, comes to life every
few months. The last major eruption was in 1992.
{On Mount Etna (AP), Tourist station still in jeopardy}
Concept Support : Universal
disturbances are part of any Socio economic environment, and the
management decisions (at local, national and inter national levels) have
to include and provide for activities to safe-guard and minimise the
losses. Italian community and their local administers have pioneered to
provide for this need, and being in danger's path with pre-planning,
has made them wiser and stronger.
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JAPAN
Support for Economics & Management Concepts of
DR.VSRS
(SEE CONCEPTS)
GULF NEWS (UAE), Business, July 21, 2000 ( Friday )
Japanese Manufacturers with plants in Britain,
hit hard by the pound's strength have grown increasingly impatient
with what they see as Blair's prevarication over the single currency the
Euro....Japan's third biggest automaker, Nissan Motor Company... has
warned the strong pound could divert investment from the plant ( in
Sunderland ) to elsewhere in Europe. (OKINAWA, JAPAN. Reuters)
Concept Support : Local
investments used to tap the potentials in a foreign market. Improper
evaluation of the Intangible and Tangible aspects, as well as the
political and financial implications in the potential market
location, on a long-rage basis.
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JORDAN
Support for Economics & Management Concepts of
DR.VSRS
(SEE CONCEPTS)
ARABIAN BUSINESS (UK), October 2001, Page 44.45.
How can a country with few natural
resources, soaring unemployment, and an external
debt close to 100% GDP revive
its economy and make its mark on the global stage ? How does it
integrate itself into the global economy and the information highway ? The
conventional answer prescribed by what is known as
the Washington Consensus - namely the World Bank, IMF and the US
government - is economic liberalization and opening up the country to
foreign investors. But what if the country is situated in the midst
of one of the most politically volatile
regions of the world ?...If the country is Jordan, then the answer is yes,
albeit a qualified one....While modest in terms of size, the investment
pouring into Jordan signify a remarkable success
by the government, especially when taking into account the ongoing
turmoil in the Palestinian territories. In the large part though, the
key to Jordan's success lies at the hands of its monarch His
Majesty King Abdullah II. Having ascended the throne in February 1999, the
King has made economic revival his top
priority.... While it has little natural
resources, Jordan has a one of the lowest illiteracy rates in
the Middle East at 8% in adult males, and 18% in adult females, according
to a research report published in May 2001 by
Standard & Poors. This coupled with highly educated population
makes human capital the Kingdom's strength.... The abundance of
technology firms and the changing psyche of the banks in
the Kingdom are indicative of how times have changed. "The difference for
Jordan is the delivery of quality service, an
ability to meet deadlines, and continuous innovation largely
driven by a large pool of talented young people who go beyond
standard applications... According to Raed Bilbessi CEO of Int@j, the
Information Technology Association of Jordan, the country boasts of 80 to
120 value adding IT companies, employing approximately 3,000
employees, in addition to 400-500 software and hardware
resellers, employing around 10,000 people (One World,
A Leading Light).
Concept Support : Management decision of the Ruler is
centred around a Productivity guideline with reference to the Socio
Economic Development, and cautious and careful approach towards the psyche
of core financial sectors and psycho-sociology of the educated population.
Domestic human capital is optimally utilised to manpower the latest
technology, moderated to suit the local conditions (Endogenous). The
domestic government and the banking sectors are tuned to provide for local
investments, as well as the foreign investment with local participation
criteria (Exogenous).
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GULF NEWS (UAE), Business, UAE/International, August 19,
2001 (Sunday ). Page 22
Jordanians should replace foreign
workers in order to reduce the country's double-digit unemployment
rate, Labour Minister Eid Fayez said yesterday, reports AFP. There
are 300,000 foreign workers in Jordan where the jobless rate stands
at 13.3 per cent. Fayez said on state television. This
"necessitates the replacement of foreign labour by
Jordanians" he said, without announcing any specific measures. Fayez said
foreigners are most notably present in the construction sector, which
Jordanian workers refuse to work in. (Amman. Jordan
keep to tackle joblessness)
Concept Support : Developing
countries should utilise domestic labour to man the domestic technology.
This strengthens the Endogenous aspect of the Socio-economic structure,
and provides the path towards accelerating the Socio-economic development.
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KUWAIT
Support for Economics & Management Concepts of
DR.VSRS
(SEE CONCEPTS)
ACN (Arabian Computer News),
An ITP Publication, Jabel Ali, Dubai, UAE. Front End, December 2000, Page
6
Kuwait government has jumped on the
e-government bandwagon. In an interview with the Kuwait News
Agency, the Minister of Planning and Minister of State for
Administration Development, Dr. Mohammed Al Duwaihees, said the
e-government drive would - at the local level -
increase the efficiency and speed of government institutions
and cause radical change for the better in various sectors,
individuals and society as a whole. If all goes according to
plan, e-government will reconstruct the government institutions and
reduce expatriate manpower, providing opportunities
for local manpower in technical
fields. At an international level, Al Duwaihees said
the move would enable Kuwait to cope with
globalisation in the political and economic spheres.
Organisational moves have already been taken to set up the National
Supreme Committee, which will have all authority to push the
project through... One of the main hurdles to achieve e-government,
says Al Duwaihees, is the ability to deal with the new concept.
(Kuwait Knocks Down Barriers in E-Government).
Concept Support : Developing
nations should use latest technologies moderated to suit local
conditions, with local manpower. This is an important Endogenous aspect in
Socio-Economic development acceleration.
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LEBANON
Support for Economics & Management Concepts of
DR.VSRS
(SEE CONCEPTS)
PANORAMA, Friday Weekly Magazine of Gulf
Today (UAE), September 8-14, 2000, Page 22-23.
{There is an uneasy communal
imbalance on the political scene in Lebanon. The body politic is
fractured and factionalised. In such a situation if Hariri
returns to power as prime minister, will he have a smooth sail ahead ?}
While most Lebanese would like to see a reduction of
Syrian political influence and fewer Syrian labourers in the
work-force, only a handful politicians openly call for this to
happen.... The new young Syrian President Bashar Al Assad adopts a more
distanced approach to Lebanon than his conservative father.
Dr.Bashar is more keen on building a common market between Syria
and Lebanon than exercising "control". He would like to see the new
administration deal firmly with the country's acute economic crisis
so such a market can become a reality. The second myth
purports that the election inaugurated an era of "change" and a "new
order" for Lebanon. Lebanon is stuck in a time
wrap. The country's political life is conducted in accordance with a
formula laid down in 1943, just before independence. This formula,
amended by Taif agreement, divides membership in parliament
equally between Christians, 30 per cent of the population, and
Muslims, who account for 70 per cent. This creates an uneasy
communal balance on the political scene. Furthermore, since
all 18 sectarian communities must have a voice, the body politic is
fractured and fractionalised.
{Lebanon : Stuck in a time wrap By Michael Jansen}
Concept Support : In the
management decision process of a government, any set-up with heavy
sided psychological and social intensive components (Racial, Religious
etc...) should plan and evaluate their decisions very cautiously.
The Socio-economic development of the nation as a whole, should be
considered as priority, than a group, sector or regional sectarian
development. Neglecting this guideline could result in un-bearable
losses and economic dis-integration, not only to the concerned nation, but
also can have a bitter impact to people of all other nations in the world,
attempting to associate with them. Faster realisation of this fact
is important or otherwise there will be a time wrap, and the government
set-up will be fractured and factionalised.
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